What is cholera and its causes?
Cholera is a disease with severe painless watery diarrhea caused by Vibrio cholerae that may be transmitted via contaminated water (contaminated water) and food (especially contaminated raw food) . It usually occurs after the war, in low-socioeconomic countries or after emergencies such as natural disasters (floods, tsunamis, famine etc.) or unprocessed sewage treatment contamination. Cholera can be endemic or pandemic, or both. Cholera causes severe dehydration or large loss of body fluid from diarrhea, vomiting, or both, which can lead to patient collapse or death within a few hours if attention or treatment is ignored.
WHO identified V. cholerae. O1 Bacteria are the main cause of cholera disease. Gram-negative bacteria V. Cholerae grows in the small intestine and produces the A and B subunits of enterotoxin. Subunit A activates intracellular adenylyl cyclase to abolish large amounts of water and electrolytes in the intestinal lumen while subunit B binds to intestinal cells. This promotes the flow of fluid from the blood into the large intestine and small intestine. Vibrio cholerae can be killed with chlorine and can be killed even in human saliva and stomach.
Symptoms and symptoms
The main symptoms of cholera are diarrhea (patients with more than 10 stools within 24 hours) and continuous vomiting. Other symptoms may occur as follows:
- Dysentery - collection of intestinal diseases characterized by inflammation of the intestinal wall and various viruses in the intestine or parasites or bacterial infections
- Fever and muscle pain
- Low immune system
- Frustration of the heart
- Laziness
- Insomnia
- Slow pulse on the wrist
- Face Paris
- Abdominal pressure
- Calf cramps
Prevention
The best way to prevent cholera is to wash hands before eating food, eat food, drink boiling water to kill most of bacteria and bacteria, cook food instead of eating raw food , Unsafe water source.
processing
Replacing the lost body fluid by replacing it with water containing salt and sugar is a quick treatment for treating cholera disease. This treatment is a kind of antibiotic to relieve tetracycline and diarrhea, and it may be accompanied orally with considerably effective infectivity. However, patients are encouraged not to take antidiarrheal drugs, but they ingest high carbohydrates, low fat and protein foods to activate the energy in the body
