If the bone marrow is damaged or destroyed by disease, infection or chemotherapy, transplantation replaces weak or damaged cells with healthy cells, ie healthy bone marrow. This is a medical procedure in which blood stem cells move toward the bone marrow, create new blood cells, and promote the growth of new bone marrow.
It looks like a sponge. There is adipose tissue inside your bone and it creates the next part of blood:
- Red blood cell (RBC) carries oxygen and nutrients around the body
- Leukocyte (WBC) against infectious diseases
- Platelets responsible for the formation of blood clots
They aid in the production of WBC, RBC or platelets sufficient to prevent infections, hemorrhagic diseases, or anemia.
Bone marrow transplant type
They are categorized in two ways.
- Self BMT
- Allogeneic BMT
Seven steps of bone marrow transplantation
Step 1: - Plan in advance
Since we have to manage personal problems and plans at the same time, we can pay full attention to restoration.
Step 2: - Preparation
The primary element of development is that you must prepare donors for transplantation whether you are someone else or someone else is a donor.
Step 3: - Conditioning
If you and your donor are ready for transplant, your doctor will start with your conditioning regimen. In other words, it will receive chemotherapy, whole body irradiation, cancer and unhealthy bone marrow killing.
Step 4: - Porting
Your transplant will only be done after your condition is fully completed.
Step 5: - Wait for engraftment
Transplantation is the process by which stem cells received from donors begin to grow and begin to develop. That means that bone and bone marrow of the immune system are recovering. You are closely monitored and you receive treatment if side effects or complications occur. Your transplant team and caregiver will support you emotionally.
Step 6: Recovery after engraftment
After allogeneic transplantation, the first recovery period is only about 3 months, and in the case of self-organized transplantation it is only 1 month. You are subject to strict observation and periodic blood tests are scheduled.
Step 7: - Long-term recovery
After allogeneic transplantation, the recovery period is extended to allow me to meet hospital staff for a long-term follow-up program. You will be provided with lifetime resources related to your operation. They sit and work with your team and do evaluation at discharge. If it is an autologous transplant, there will be no long-term problems.
