A dog bite can be a traumatic and painful experience that can leave both physical and emotional scars. However, the prognosis is excellent as long as appropriate, timely and appropriate treatment is performed in the main case. Although there is no exact numerical value, 60 to 90% of the bite is caused by the dog, and one third or one half of the bite occurs in the child. In 70% of these cases, the victims are bitten by their own dogs or dogs they know well. According to a report, in the UK, you are more likely to be killed with a brighter strike than a dog attack!
First aid:
Before treating the victim, please make sure the situation is safe for you and the victim. Dogs should bring the victims, remove the dogs from the owner of the dog, stretch the chain, and move away from you, make sure the dog is not around. If possible, you should check the owner's name and address, dog breed and vaccination status. This is useful when you need further treatment or treatment.
You only need to use the tourniquet as a last resort for severe bleeding, which tries to stop bowling but can not control otherwise. If possible, please lift the injured part on the heart and suppress bleeding.
Since mouth contains many bacteria that may cause infection at the wound, it is essential to completely clean the wound with boiling cold water for 5-10 minutes. Immerse the water in frequently changed water (please wear gloves to protect yourself).
Please do not apply antimicrobial lotion to animal bite. Please do not use some bacteria in saliva because they actually grow in specific cream or reproduce quickly in short intervals. There are also skin tissues and things that impair healing.
Apply direct pressure to the wound with a clean cloth. Dress wounds with non-sticky sterile gauze and bandage. If you develop within 48 hours after biting you must see your doctor, observe the signs of infection. Occlusion, by definition, breaks the skin, bacteria in the saliva in the animal's mouth may see open wounds and cause infection. Antibiotic prevention is usually done. Prevention means Gurkish advance guard. Medically, it means that measures are taken to maintain health and prevent the spread of diseases and medical conditions.
If you actually split at an ear-like part, wrap it in clean tissue paper, put it in a plastic bag surrounded by ice, and bring it to the hospital.
Symptoms and symptoms of infection:
- Pain around wounds
- Redness
- Kindness
- Swelling
- Pus or spit out
- Heat
- Swollen glands
The wound must be covered with a sterile bandage. The bandage leaves the surrounding area intact. Please lift up and support your scar. Please consult your doctor as soon as possible to prevent further complications.
The risk of infection is particularly high in punctures, hand injuries, thoroughly thick wounds, those requiring surgical debridement, and wounds with joints, tendons, ligaments and fractures. Also, infections are more likely to occur if the wound is deep or dirty, or if there are a lot of blood under the wound.
Certain factors are vulnerable to infection.
- Diabetes mellitus. (Increase the risk of Pasteurella infection)
- Alcoholism. (Increase the risk of Pasteurella infection)
- Cirrhosis of the liver or scar of the liver.
- A person who is receiving steroid therapy. (Increase the risk of Pasteurella infection)
- Rheumatoid arthritis. (Increase the risk of Pasteurella infection)
- Lymphedema after radiotherapy. (Increase the risk of Pasteurella infection)
- Spleen formation which is a lack of normal spleen function.
- Scratches that took more than 6 hours passed.
- Dedicated organization.
- A previously sutured wound.
- Full thickness wounds including tendons, joints or ligaments.
- Hand and foot bites especially hands.
- A person whose immune system is damaged due to drugs or diseases.
Pasteurella is a bacterium found in most animals. If the wound infects these bacteria, the wound will become red and swell. This happens quickly, there are serious pain and swelling within 24 hours. Accidentally, it can cause pneumonia or other respiratory infections. Very infrequently, it causes kidney infection and meningitis. Prognosis is good if you treat it with antibiotics immediately. However, if the infection is left untreated, it may spread to the bloodstream, causing blood poisoning, causing swelling, joint hardening, and tissue damage.
complications:
Scarring. In children, dog bite injuries frequently involve the face and can cause serious laceration (scarring) and scarring.
Infection:
- Tetanus, rabies, septicemia, septic arthritis, tendonitis, osteomyelitis such as peritonitis, meningitis and bone infections.
- Wound infection occurs in 2-30% of dog bite.
- Infection from chewing is a microbial property (involving multiple species involving anaerobic bacteria that can often survive without oxygen). Common bacteria include Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Aikenella, Pasteurella, Proteus, Klebsiella, Hemophilus, Enterobacter, Capnositophaga, Kanamorsus and Bacteroides.
fracture.
Outline.
If you are bite overseas, you may be at risk of rabies. At present, there are few rabbits in Britain (although some bats are infected in the UK), it is common in Africa, Asia and Latin America, and several cases are reported in Eastern Europe. Since rabies is a serious disease and there is a possibility of becoming fatal to people, even if you think that you are not contracting something, such as rabies is not actually detected at an early stage when bite or get hurt abroad You should receive treatment. You need to contact the Center of Health Protection Agency for Scottish Infections or Health Protection. The staff needs to know:
- Previous vaccination status
- Country you were bitten
- Bite place and date
- Whether an attack was triggered
- Whether it is a domestic dog or a wild dog
- If this is known, the current health status of the animal.
Treatment to prevent the onset of rabies is called prophylaxis after exposure and includes five doses of rabies immunoglobulin (a blood product containing antibodies against rabbits) and rabies vaccine. If prevention is required, it can usually be obtained from these centers, as is the rabies vaccine (injected intramuscularly) and human rabies immunoglobulin.
Hospital treatment:
Only one out of five people bitten by dogs is requesting hospital admission to hospital.
Several bites are particularly serious and may require more attention than first-aid measures. In addition, the wound is particularly deep even if it is small, it may cause damage to the tendon and joint, so it can be wider than it looks particularly puncture wound. The wound becomes quite complicated as the buttocks are embedded in your skin, you separate and react, the skin tears, so the bites can be accompanied by shear forces. Please consult your doctor in the following cases.
Mating engagement:
- hand,
- leg,
- Joint,
- Tendon,
- Ligament
- Scalp,
- face,
- Trash,
- Nose,
- You need antibiotics. I need to be hospitalized.
- I think infectious diseases are developing or are likely to develop.
- You are bored, but it will not stop after 15 minutes from direct pressure
- I think that damage to bones and nerves is broken
- You are not the latest version of the tetanus vaccine
- You were bitten by a dog with an unknown immune status
After receiving a doctor's examination you can ask for the following information:
- Breeding of dogs. This is particularly important because large dog bites are more likely to damage deeper structures such as tendons and bones.
- Animal health status
- Time and location of the event
- a situation (ie, an induced attack or an uninduced attack)
- The animal's position now
- Pre-hospital treatment
- Factors that may impair immunity such as HIV and steroid therapy
- Recent antibiotics (if infection exists in patients receiving antibiotics, this may indicate that infection is caused by resistant organisms)
Please wash your scratches with normal saline or drinking water to remove dirt and bacteria. If the wound is contaminated, use 1% of providone solution as it is better than normal saline. Providone is diluted so that it is sterilized but not harmful to tissues. If you have not received vaccination against tetanus within the last 5 to 8 years, additional injections are usually taken. However, it is rare to get tetanus from a dog's bite.
Sometimes decomposition involving medically removing damaged or infected tissue that is dead by either surgery, mechanical, chemical or autolysis (self-digesting) means is necessary. Dead or wounded skin is an ideal place for infection to occur and should be removed. Also, tear removal helps to remove any blood clots or foreign bodies that may be placed in the wound. In many cases, purification of wounds and aging is more important than medication.
Primary sutures (sutures) can be done when the wounds become clean and clean. This is particularly effective for facial wounds. There is an excellent blood supply that speeds up healing. Filling the gaps needs to be seamed, glued, or held together with sterile strips. Suturing can help prevent scarring and improve the makeup outlet. However, some wounds may be left open for several days to ensure that they are not infected before closing. Delayed closure of 3 to 5 days is usually done in case of hand bite, intensive contusion in case of wound requiring considerable laceration and in case of more than 6 hours of injury. In the meantime, the bacteria must be covered with a sterile non-sticky bandage so that the bacteria do not get infected into the wound.
Antibiotics may be prescribed to prevent infection and should provide protection against Pasteurella bacteria, anaerobic bacteria and staphylococci. Initially it can be intravenously administered by intravenous drip. Antibiotics are useful in the following cases.
- All wounds after primary closure
- Puncture wound
- Big scratch
- I bit my hands and wrists. Antibiotic prophylaxis significantly reduces the risk of transmission from hand bites, but may not be effective for occlusion elsewhere.
- Face bite
- Crush the wound with deactivated tissue
- Wounds requiring surgical decomposition
- Wounds involving joints, tendons, ligaments or fractures
- Dogs hurt genital organs
- High-risk patients such as those with diabetes, people with impaired immune system, splenectomy, chemotherapy, splenectomy, artificial heart valve, chronic rheumatoid arthritis and artificial joints.
For mild infections, core moxilab is usually prescribed as the first line of treatment. However, antibiotics are not normally required for occlusion of 2 days of age and there are no signs of infection. If bacteria are present, infections are typically developed to this time.
